Overview

This year, the practicals have wide-ranging portions that you'd have to consider for the exams.

Portions

Salt Analysis

1. We will have 10 salts in general for the exam.

2. There may be a change in the combinations of cations and anions.

3. Common cations are: $Ba^{2+}$, $Sr^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$, $NH_4^+$, $Pb^{2+}$

4. Common anions are: $CO_3^{2-}$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $PO_4^{2-}$, $C_2O_4^{2-}$, $CH_3COO^-$, $Cl^-$, $NO_3^-$

5. You must learn at least 2 confirmatory tests for each radical.

Volumetric Analysis

(finding the molarity… learning the formula)

1. Oxalic Acid Vs $KMnO_4$

2. F.A.S Vs $KMnO_4$